Acute 胰腺炎
Overview
急性胰腺炎是胰腺的一种炎症, 一种影响大约80人的疾病,每年有1000名美国人. The pancreas — a large gland located behind the stomach and close to the upper part of the small intestine — secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine through a tube called the pancreatic duct. These enzymes help digest the fats, proteins and carbohydrates in food. The pancreas also releases the hormones insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream. These hormones help the body use the glucose it derives from food for energy.
When the pancreas becomes inflamed, the digestive enzymes attack the tissue that produces them. 这会导致组织损伤和出血, 并导致胰腺血细胞和血管膨胀.
胰腺炎分为急性期和急性期 chronic. 慢性胰腺炎是一种更持久的疾病. Most cases of acute pancreatitis are mild and involve a short hospital stay for the pancreas to recover. Acute pancreatitis occurs suddenly after the pancreas is damaged. 此外，它可能是遗传性的.
大约20%的急性胰腺炎病例是严重的. Severe acute pancreatitis can lead to heart, lung or kidney failure, and even death. Some patients may have more than one attack of acute pancreatitis, 但每次都能恢复. 在最严重的情况下, 胰腺和周围组织可能会死亡, 导致休克，有时甚至死亡.
我们治疗急性胰腺炎的方法
UCSF offers state-of-the-art care for a wide range of pancreatic disorders, 包括急性胰腺炎. 我们的团队包括胃肠外科专家, nursing, 营养, 重症监护, 伤口护理, 整形手术, 药理学和传染病. The appropriate specialists for each patient work together to customize a treatment plan.
Treatment for acute pancreatitis depends on the severity of the attack. Patients with mild inflammation are usually hospitalized to receive intravenous fluids and pain medication, 如果有感染，还要用抗生素. 严重的病例可能危及生命，可能需要手术. We are experts in the latest minimally invasive techniques and postoperative care. Survival rates for patients treated at our hospital for severe acute pancreatitis are two to three times better than the national average.
Awards & 识别
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是全国顶尖的十大赌博平台排行榜之一
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全国最好的胃肠病学专家之一 & 胃肠道手术
Signs & symptoms
急性胰腺炎通常以尖锐的, severe pain in the upper abdomen that may last for a few hours or a few days.
症状包括:
- Constant pain in the upper abdomen, in the back and other areas
- Pain may be sudden and intense or may begin as a mild pain that is aggravated by eating and drinking
- 高脉冲
- Fever
- 恶心和呕吐
- 腹部肿痛
诊断
你的十大赌博平台排行榜会询问你的病史, perform a physical exam and order blood tests to check for certain enzymes.
急性发作时, the blood contains at least three times more than the normal amount of digestive enzymes formed in the pancreas. Changes may occur in blood levels of glucose, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and bicarbonate. After the pancreas recovers, these levels usually return to normal.
An 腹部超音波 检查胆结石和 计算机断层扫描 检查胰腺是否有损伤.
一个过程, 称为内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP), 可以确定是否有胆管梗阻. 在这个过程中, a flexible tube is inserted down the throat into the stomach and small intestines. Dye is injected into the drainage tube of the pancreas to locate a possible obstruction.
治疗
Treatment for acute pancreatitis depends on the severity of the attack. 许多病例会随着时间的推移而好转，除非出现并发症. Usually, patients are hospitalized to receive intravenous fluids to restore blood volume and hydration as well as medications to control pain. 如果发生感染，可以使用抗生素.
Dietary guidelines are usually prescribed to reduce the fat you eat, 因为你的身体很难消化这些物质.
Surgery
Surgery may be needed if complications such as infection, cysts or bleeding occur. If gallstrones are the cause of your attack, the gallbladder may be removed.
If a bile duct obstruction is suspected of causing the pancreatitis, a procedure 称为内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP) may be performed. A flexible tube is inserted down the throat into the stomach and small intestines. Dye is injected into the drainage tube of the pancreas to locate the possible obstruction. Special instruments are inserted through the endoscope or tube to remove the obstruction or stretch a narrowing segment of the bile duct.
Patients with severe acute pancreatitis may develop pancreatic necrosis, a serious infection in which tissue within the pancreas dies and later becomes infected. This results in a condition called acute necrotizing pancreatitis. An abscess may form on the dead tissue several weeks after an attack of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.
外科十大赌博平台排行榜 复杂腹部手术项目 at UCSF Medical Center have developed surgical techniques for severe acute pancreatitis, 包括钝性坏死切除术和微创手术, 逐步切除坏死组织以移除坏死组织. 用新技术来控制疾病, these procedures result in decreased severity of illness and fewer deaths. The death rate of patients with severe acute pancreatitis at UCSF is two to three times less than the national average.
Patients with severe acute pancreatitis have an average hospital stay of two months, 接下来是一个漫长的恢复期.
Our team of specialists — including those in gastrointestinal surgery, nursing, 营养, 重症护理医学, 伤口护理, 整形手术, pharmacology and infectious disease — work together to customize a treatment plan for each patient.
加州大学旧金山分校健康医学专家已经审查了这些信息. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
