不含酒精的 高脂肪的 肝 疾病
Overview
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD), 也被称为脂肪性肝炎, is an inflammation of the liver caused by an accumulation of fat deposits in the liver tissue. 对大多数人来说，潜在的问题是 肥胖, 糖尿病 或两个. Additional factors are a family history of 糖尿病 and high blood lipids in people who are not obese. In some patients, genetic factors appear to be important.
NAFLD typically shows up as an unexpected abnormality in liver function tests, 通常是丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)试验, 在那些感觉良好的人身上. The elevation of this test generally is minor and in younger patients, 没有严重的肝脏问题吗. 然而, NAFLD的病因, 比如肥胖或糖尿病, 没有得到治疗, 病情可能会恶化.
In people over the age of 50, the first indication of NAFLD may be a sign of serious liver disease, 肝硬化. Studies are underway to determine the precise risk of progression of NAFLD to 肝硬化; at this time, 据估计是20%.
As the prevalence of 肥胖 has been increasing in the United States, NAFLD的发病率也在增加. As a result, NAFLD is now among the most common reasons that patients are referred for 肝移植.
非酒精性脂肪肝的治疗方法
Treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease focuses on addressing its underlying cause, 通常是肥胖, 糖尿病或两者都有. 成功的治疗可以阻止或减缓肝损伤.
If the liver becomes too damaged to function, 肝移植 may be an option. UCSF offers a liver transplant program known for outstanding outcomes and survival statistics that are among the best in the country. Our program helped pioneer techniques that have made transplantation safer 和更多的 successful.
奖 & 识别
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是全国顶尖的十大赌博平台排行榜之一
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全国最好的胃肠病学专家之一 & 胃肠道手术
迹象 & 症状
The signs and 症状 of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) vary widely, 这取决于病情的阶段. 在疾病的早期或中期, patients typically have no 症状 directly related to liver disease. 然而, as the disease advances, patients may experience 症状 of 肝硬化, including:
- 乏力
- 记忆丧失或混乱
- 腹部或腿部积液
- Passage of tarry black stools, which suggests internal bleeding
诊断
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD) often is found incidentally, 作为测试不相关问题的一部分. The following tests may be used to confirm the diagnosis:
- 血液测试 Blood tests that measure global liver function and indicate inflammatory activity will be performed, 还有额外的血液测试来排除 病毒性肝炎.
- 肝脏超声 这是一个 简单成像程序 that looks for irregularities in the shape and consistency of the liver and for problems of the biliary tract, 比如胆结石.
- 计算机断层扫描(CT) 计算机断层扫描(CT) is a method of body imaging in which a thin X-ray beam rotates around the patient, 提供肝脏的详细视图.
- 肝活组织检查 在某些情况下，a 肝活组织检查 是否需要对NAFLD进行明确的诊断. The test also helps in defining the stage of disease and severity of liver inflammation. 在活检过程中, which is an outpatient procedure and performed under local anesthesia, a needle is inserted into the liver to obtain a small sample.
治疗
目前, the goal of treatment for NAFLD patients who are obese and/or have elevated blood lipids (fat) is weight loss. Those who are diabetic with poor control of blood sugar should work with a 糖尿病 specialist and dietitian to control their blood sugar. 所有NAFLD患者应避免饮酒.
The treatment for NAFLD is evolving and rigorously being investigated in various research studies. UCSF is participating in one of the larger trials investigating NAFLD and new therapies for the condition.
肝移植
In some cases, NAFLD may progress to liver failure and require 肝移植. The evaluation for a transplant is complex and generally requires several months. 因此, even patients who are feeling well should be referred for a transplant at the first sign of liver failure or if they have advanced liver disease diagnosed by X-ray studies or 肝活组织检查.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
