关于乳腺健康的基本事实:乳腺癌分期
Stage 0
极早期乳腺癌. This type of cancer has not spread within or outside the breast. 它有时被称为 DCIS, LCIS或原位乳腺癌或非侵袭性癌症.
Stage I
The cancer is no larger than about one inch in size and has not spread outside the breast.
第二阶段
十大赌博平台排行榜可能会发现以下任何一项:
- The cancer is no larger than one inch, but has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm.
- 癌细胞在一到两英寸之间. It may or may not have spread to the lymph nodes under the arm.
- The cancer is larger than two inches, but has not spread to the lymph nodes under the arm.
第三阶段
第三阶段分为IIIA和IIIB阶段:
阶段iii a
- The cancer is smaller than two inches and has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm. 癌细胞也在进一步扩散到其他淋巴结.
- The cancer is larger than two inches and has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm.
舞台上的希望
十大赌博平台排行榜可能会发现以下任何一种情况:
- 癌细胞已经扩散到乳房附近的组织, 比如皮肤和胸壁, 包括肋骨和胸部肌肉.
- The cancer has spread to lymph nodes inside the chest wall along the breastbone.
四期
The cancer has spread to other parts of the body, most often the bones, lungs, liver or brain. Or, the tumor has spread locally to the skin and lymph nodes inside the neck, near the collarbone.
炎性乳腺癌
Inflammatory breast cancer is a rare, but very serious, aggressive type of breast cancer. 乳房可能看起来是红色的,感觉是温暖的. You may see ridges, welts or hives on your breast; or the skin may look wrinkled. 它有时被误诊为一种简单的感染.
复发性乳腺癌
Recurrent disease means that the cancer has come back (recurred) after it has been treated. 它可能会回到乳房, in the soft tissues of the chest (the chest wall) or in another part of the body.
原位乳腺癌- DCIS和LCIS
Many breast cancers being found are very early cancers known as breast cancer in situ or noninvasive cancer. 大多数癌症是通过乳房x光检查发现的. These very early cells changes may become invasive breast cancer. 原位乳腺癌有两种类型:
- 导管原位癌(DCIS), which means that abnormal cells are found only in the lining of a milk duct of the breast. 这些异常细胞尚未扩散到导管外. 它们还没有在乳房内扩散, 乳房之外, to the lymph nodes under the arm or to other parts of the body.
DCIS有几种类型. If not removed, some types may change over time and become invasive cancers. 有些可能永远不会成为侵袭性癌症. DCIS有时被称为导管内癌. - 小叶原位癌(LCIS), which means that abnormal cells are found in the lining of a milk lobule. Although LCIS is not considered to be actual breast cancer at this noninvasive stage, it is a warning sign of increased risk of developing invasive cancer.
LCIS is sometimes found when a biopsy is done for another lump or unusual change that is found on a mammogram.
预后
Most women who are treated for early breast cancer go on to live healthy, active lives. You may have more choices of treatment if your breast cancer is found early.
随着时间的推移,治疗方法也发生了变化. Today, many women who are diagnosed with breast cancer do not have to lose a breast. 因为有更好的治疗乳腺癌的方法, 对你来说,尽可能地学习比以往任何时候都重要. 和你的医疗专家团队一起工作, you can play a key role in choosing the treatment that is best for you.
Once your doctor has determined your specific type and stage of breast cancer, 你可以开始计划你的治疗和恢复. Your chance of recovery will depend on many factors, including:
- 癌症的类型和阶段. 癌症的种类, the size of the tumor and whether it is only in your breast or has spread to any lymph nodes or to other parts of your body.
- 癌症发展得有多快. Special tests on the tissue can measure how fast the cancer cells are dividing and how different they are compared to normal breast cells.
- How much the breast cancer cells depend on female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) for growth. 这可以通过激素受体测试来测量. 病人 whose tumors are found to be dependent on hormones (described as estrogen-positive or progesterone positive) can be treated with hormonal therapy to prevent further growth or recurrence of breast cancer.
- 您的年龄和更年期状况.
- 您的总体健康状况.
The material in the above sections is taken in its entirety from the National Cancer Institute Booklet (No. 98-4251) entitled, "Understanding 乳腺癌 Treatment: A Guide for 病人."
关于乳房健康的基本事实:
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.